The Identity Ties that Bind -- How SSO Efficiencies Relate to Physical & Logical Security Convergen

Single sign-on (SSO) has long been known in the ITthese two systems are tied together, employees
world as an effective way for organizations towon’t tailgate or forget to badge in because they
improve IT security while solving passwordwon’t be able to do their log onto the network and
management and user access issues. Morestart their work day. This practice does not require any
specifically, SSO provides a means for organizationsadditional action on the part of the user but rather it
to verify a person’s identity before granting accessenforces the behavior (badging in) that should be done
to networks and application data. Some SSO solutionsevery day anyway.
include monitoring capabilities that can provide recordsCentralized Management for Monitoring and Reporting
of individual employee access to applications, ensuringSSO solutions enable enterprises to centrally manage
there are no network security breaches, while enablingpasswords, meaning organizations can monitor,
organizations to comply with regulatory and corporatecapture and log password-related user access events
governance initiatives. In the physical security world,in one centralized database. This permits administrators
building access cards have similar benefits to SSO -to easily monitor access records for every user,
authenticating employees, enabling them to accessapplication or workstation in one central location. Having
authorized areas, while ensuring security of thethis record of application access offers an added level
physical facilities and employees. In both cases, aof protection as administrators can see, for instance, if
person’s identity is represented by somethingthere are users that are sharing credentials to
verifiable (a password or an access card) that enablesconfidential applications. Without a centralized view,
them to access organizational assets (on a networkunauthorized access is not so simple to detect.
or in a building).In the physical world, a user’s location is monitored
By bridging together physical access systems withand recorded based upon where and when he/she
single sign-on efficiencies, organizations can provide aswiped his/her badge. If there is an event at the
finer level of authentication, closing security gaps oftenphysical location such as a fire where people are
overlooked when the two security arms of antrapped inside, you know where people are based
organization are kept in separate silos. Here are threeupon their last badge in. By managing this in one place,
ways in which bridging these typically disparatethe physical security team has finer data in order to
systems together can offer greater efficiencies:have more confidence when making security-related
Increased Usability without Compromise to Securitydecisions and can more accurately monitor the building
Passwords prevent unauthorized users fromfor any potential breaches, just as SSO enables the IT
accessing applications to keep networks secure.team to monitor the network for any security
However, as users are required to remember moreinfractions.
and more passwords, they often resort to writingThe same efficiency can be realized with a
them down and leaving them in plain view where aconverged security solution. By uniting an
nefarious person could find them and use them to gainemployee’s identity across networks and building
unauthorized access. This results in every desktopaccess, an organization can create one converged
becoming another point of vulnerability in the corporateaccess policy for allowing or denying network access
security armor.based on a user's physical location, role, and/or
To combat this, strong password policies are typicallyemployee status. By incorporating events from
put in place to mandate the use – and frequentphysical security access systems into network access
changing – of passwords that, in the interest ofdecisions, organizations have broader monitoring and
preventing password theft, are intentionally complexreporting capabilities from which to better demonstrate
and difficult to remember. This too exacerbates theregulatory compliance and ensure corporate security
problem, resulting in password policy non-compliance,procedures are adhered to enterprise-wide.
increased security risk and spiraling help desk costs.Security Policy Automation SSO solutions enable IT
SSO solutions were developed to tackle theseadministrators to implement a clear, straightforward
challenges, offering a relatively simple, effective andpassword policy across all SSO-enabled applications
affordable way to ensure that only authorized usersbased on users’ primary authentication. With SSO,
can gain access to important business applications. Inadministrators can change automatically password
organizations that have implemented SSO solutions,constraints (minimum/ maximum length, reset intervals,
users are thrilled to eliminate the passwordauto resets, etc.), manage authentication challenges
management struggles, enabling them to work moreand accommodate application-generated password
productively, while the IT department can be sure thatreset requests. This automation of password policies
the security of the network is in tact. More simply, theysignificantly reduces the IT burden.
make accessing applications easy for the user withoutAccess cards on the physical security side perform in
complicating security.a parallel way. Tying building access to the card
In the physical access world, buildings are akin to theautomates the enforcement of the physical security
networks in the logical world. Access cards take thepolicy of everyone in the building signing in and out
place of passwords, enabling authorized users to enterwhen entering or leaving the building. Physical security
a building or a specific room or area within a building.administrators can also change access constraints and
However, users often skip the step of badging in bymanage authentication challenges in order to maintain
following closely behind the person who badged inappropriate levels of building security. Just like with
before them (a practice known as tailgating). WhileSSO, the access cards automate building access
authorized users are often guilty of tailgating, thispolices that, in turn, significantly reduce the physical
creates a security hole that needs to be patchedsecurity burden.
because if tailgating is not eliminated, the physicalBy converging these two typically disparate systems,
security team has no idea who is and who is notan enterprise’s entire security posture is covered
inside.from the building doorway to the user’s computer.
Just as SSO solutions eliminate the bad passwordAs a result, the security team can apply policies that
management behaviors, tying building access todictate what an individual can access under what
network access can eliminate tailgating and close thatcircumstances based on specific criteria, such as
security hole. The best way to get employees tolocation and employee status. Organizations can thus
badge in is to tie that action to things they needeasily authenticate employees, enabling them to
(network access). Establish a procedure that links theaccess authorized areas within the building and on the
swiping of a card for building access to the ability tonetwork, while ensuring security of the physical
get online once the user reaches his desk. Whenfacilities, IT systems and employees.